Bibliography

 

ACLU: How Artificial Intelligence Can Deepen Racial and Economic Inequities (https://www.aclu.org/news/privacy-technology/how-artificial-intelligence-can-deepen-racial-and-economic-inequities) 
AI4ALL: A non-profit working to increase diversity and inclusion in AI https://ai-4-all.org/ 
Alim, H. S., & Paris, D. (2017). What is culturally sustaining pedagogy and why does it matter? In D. Paris & H. S. Alim (Eds.), Culturally sustaining pedagogies: Teaching and learning for justice in a changing world (pp. 1–21). Teachers College Press. 

Andriessen, J., & Sandberg, J. (1999). Where Is Education Heading and How about AI? International Journal of Artificial Intelligence in Education, 10, 130-150. 
 
Aoun, J. E. (2017). Robot-Proof: Higher Education in the Age of Artificial Intelligence. MIT Press.  
https://doi.org/10.7551/mitpress/11456.001.0001 
 
Ayling, J., & Chapman, A. (2021). Putting AI Ethics to Work: Are the Tools Fit for Purpose? AI Ethics, 2, 405-429.  
https://doi.org/10.1007/s43681-021-00084-x 
 
Baker, M. J. (2000). The Roles of Models in Artificial Intelligence and Education Research: A Prospective View. Journal of Artificial Intelligence and Education, 11, 122-143. 
 
Bates, T., Cobo, C., Marino, O., & Wheeler, S. (2020). Can Artificial Intelligence Transform Higher Education? International Journal of Educational Technology in Higher Education, 17, 1-12.  
https://doi.org/10.1186/s41239-020-00218-x 
 
Blackman, R. (2020, October 15). A Practical Guide to Building Ethical AI. Harvard Business Review.  
https://hbr.org/2020/10/a-practical-guide-to-building-ethical-ai 
 
Brooks, C. (2021). EDUCAUSE QuickPoll Results: Artificial Intelligence Use in Higher Education. EDUCAUSE Research Notes.  
https://er.educause.edu/articles/2021/6/educause-quickpoll-results-artificial-intelligence-use-in-higher-education 
 
Bughin, J., Hazan, E., Ramaswamy, S., Chui, M., Allas, T., Dahlstrom, P., & Trench, M. (2017). Artificial Intelligence: The Next Digital Frontier? McKinsey Global Institute.  
https://www.mckinsey.com/~/media/mckinsey/industries/advanced%20electronics/our%20insights/ how%20artificial%20intelligence%20can%20deliver%20real%20value%20to%20companies/mgi-artificial-intelligence-discussion-paper.ashx 
 
Calo, R. (2017). Artificial Intelligence Policy: A Primer and Roadmap. UC Davis Law Review, 51, 399.  
https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3015350 
 
Chen, X., Xie, H., Zou, D., & Hwang, G. J. (2020). Application and Theory Gaps during the Rise of Artificial Intelligence in Education. Computers and Education: Artificial Intelligence, 1, Article ID: 100002.  
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.caeai.2020.100002 
  
Crawford, K. (2021). Atlas of AI. Yale University Press.  
https://doi.org/10.12987/9780300252392 
Department of Education. (2022). Artificial Intelligence and the Future of Teaching and Learning [PDF] U.S. Department of Educationhttps://www2.ed.gov/documents/ai-report/ai-report.pdf 
  
Dwivedi, Y. K., Hughes, L., Ismagilova, E., Aarts, G., Coombs, C., Crick, T., & Williams, M. D. (2021). Artificial Intelligence (AI): Multidisciplinary Perspectives on Emerging Challenges, Opportunities, and Agenda for Research, Practice and Policy. International Journal of Information Management, 57, Article ID: 101994.  
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijinfomgt.2019.08.002. 
eLearning Industry: AI in the Classroomhttps://elearningindustry.com/incorporating-artificial-intelligence-into-classroom-examination-benefits-challenges-and-best-practices. 
Egalite, A.J., Kisida, B., & Winters, M.A. (2015). Representation in the classroom: The effect of own-race teachers on student achievement. Economics of Education Review, 45, 44-52. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.econedurev.2015.01.007. 
  
Garrett, N., Beard, N., & Fiesler, C. (2020). More than “If Time Allows”: The Role of Ethics in AI Education. In Proceedings of the AAAI/ACM Conference on AI, Ethics, and Society (pp. 272-278). Association for Computing Machinery.  
https://doi.org/10.1145/3375627.3375868. 
  
Gefen, A., Saint-Raymond, L., & Venturini, T. (2021). AI for Digital Humanities and Computational Social Sciences. In Reflections on Artificial Intelligence for Humanity (pp. 191-202). Springer.  
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-69128-8_12. 
  
Gong, X., Wu, Y., Ye, Z., & Liu, X. (2018). Artificial Intelligence Course Design: iSTREAM-Based Visual Cognitive Smart Vehicles. In 2018 IEEE Intelligent Vehicles Symposium (IV) (pp. 1731-1735). IEEE.  
https://doi.org/10.1109/IVS.2018.8500457  
Guilherme, A. (2019). AI and Education: The Importance of Teacher and Student Relations. AI & Society, 34, 47-54. 
  
Haristiani, N. (2019). Artificial Intelligence (AI) Chatbot as Language Learning Medium: An Inquiry. Journal of Physics: Conference Series, 1387, 1-6.  
https://doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/1387/1/012020. 
  
Hartwig, T., Ikkatai, Y., Takanashi, N., & Yokoyama, H. (2022, January 22). Artificial Intelligence ELSI Score for Science and Technology: A Comparison between Japan and the US. AI and Society, 1-18.  
https://doi.org/10.1007/s00146-021-01323-9 
 
Hinojo-Lucena, F. J., Aznar-Díaz, I., Cáceres-Reche, M. P., & Romero-Rodríguez, J. M. (2019). Artificial Intelligence in Higher Education: A Bibliometric Study on Its Impact in the Scientific Literature. Education Sciences, 9, 51.  
https://doi.org/10.3390/educsci9010051. 
Hutson, J. , Jeevanjee, T. , Graaf, V. , Lively, J. , Weber, J. , Weir, G. , Arnone, K. , Carnes, G. , Vosevich, K. , Plate, D. , Leary, M. and Edele, S. (2022) Artificial Intelligence and the Disruption of Higher Education: Strategies for Integrations across Disciplines. Creative Education, 13, 3953-3980. doi: 10.4236/ce.2022.1312253. 
  
Joshi, S. S., Rambola, K. R., & Churi, P. (2021). Evaluating Artificial Intelligence in Education. Journal of Physics: Conference Series, 1714, Article ID: 012039.  
https://doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/1714/1/012039 
  
Kabudi, T., Pappas, I., & Olsen, D. H. (2021). AI-Enabled Adaptive Learning Systems: A Systematic Mapping of the Literature. Computers and Education: Artificial Intelligence, 2, Article ID: 100017.  
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.caeai.2021.100017 
  
Kaplan, A., & Haenlein, M. (2019). Siri, Siri, in My Hand: Who’s the Fairest in the Land? On the Interpretations, Illustrations, and Implications of Artificial Intelligence. Business Horizons, 62, 15-25. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bushor.2018.08.004 
Kapor Center for Social Impact: This organization focuses on equity in the tech sector (https://www.kaporcenter.org/) and likely has reports on workforce demographics. 
  
Klutka, J., Ackerly, N., & Magda, A. J. (2018). Artificial Intelligence in Higher Education: Current Uses and Future Applications. Learning House. 
  
Leonard, N. (2020). Entanglement Art Education: Factoring Artificial Intelligence and Nonhumans into Future Art Curricula. Art Education, 73, 22-28.  
https://doi.org/10.1080/00043125.2020.1746163. 
 
Liao, S. P. S. H. T., & Wu, X. (2020). The Role of Big Data and Artificial Intelligence in Education and Education Research: A Literature Mapping. In 6th International Conference on and Social Science Research (ICHSSR 2020) (pp. 241-245). 
 
Lin, C. H., Yu, C. C., Shih, P. K., & Wu, L. Y. (2021). STEM Based Artificial Intelligence Learning in General Education for Non-Engineering Undergraduate Students. Educational Technology & Society, 24, 224-237 
 
Long, D., & Magerko, B. (2020). What Is AI Literacy? Competencies and Design Considerations. In Proceedings of the 2020 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems (pp. 1-16). Association for Computing Machinery.  
https://doi.org/10.1145/3313831.3376727. 
 
Luckin, R., & Cukurova, M. (2019). Designing Educational Technologies in the Age of AI: A Learning Sciences-Driven Approach. British Journal of Educational Technology, 50, 2824-2838.  
https://doi.org/10.1111/bjet.12861 
 
Luckin, R., Holmes, W., Griffiths, M., & Forcier, L. B. (2016). Intelligence Unleashed: An Argument for AI in Education. Pearson.  
https://static.googleusercontent.com/media/edu.google.com/en//pdfs/Intelligence-Unleashed-Publication.pdf. 
 
Luttrell, R., Wallace, A., McCollough, C., & Lee, J. (2020). The Digital Divide: Addressing Artificial Intelligence in Communication Education. Journalism & Mass Communication Educator, 75, 470-482.https://doi.org/10.1177/1077695820925286. 
 
Matsuda, N., Weng, W., & Wall, N. (2020). The Effect of Metacognitive Scaffolding for Learning by Teaching a Teachable Agent. International Journal of Artificial Intelligence in Education, 30, 1-37.  
McKinsey & Co. Report: They likely have a recent study on Diversity and Inclusion in tech. Search their site (https://www.mckinsey.com/).https://doi.org/10.1007/s40593-019-00190-2. 
 
Mukherjee, R. (2020). The Introduction of Artificial Intelligence in ESL Teaching: Possibilities and Limitations. In Changing Trends in Human Thoughts and Perspectives: Science, Humanities and Culture Part I (pp. 89-93). Jogamaya Devi College. 
  
Müller, V. C., & Bostrom, N. (2016). Future Progress in Artificial Intelligence: A Survey of Expert Opinion. In V. C. Müller (Ed.), Fundamental Issues of Artificial Intelligence (pp. 555-572). Springer.  https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-26485-1_33. 
 
Ostherr, K. (2020). Artificial Intelligence and Medical Humanities. Journal of Medical Humanities, 43, 211-232. 
  
Owoc, M. L., Sawicka, A., & Weichbroth, P. (2021). Artificial Intelligence Technologies in Education: Benefits, Challenges and Strategies of Implementation. In M. L. Owoc, & M. Pondel (Eds.), Artificial Intelligence for Knowledge Management (pp. 37-58). Springer.  
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-85001-2_4. 
  
Ozbay, F. A., & Alatas, B. (2020). Fake News Detection within Online Social Media Using Supervised Artificial Intelligence Algorithms. Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications, 540, Article ID: 123174.  
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.physa.2019.123174. 
  
Pfeiffer, A. (2018). Creativity and Technology in the Age of AI. 
 
Pokrivcáková, S. (2019). Preparing Teachers for the Application of AI-Powered Technologies in Foreign Language Education. Journal of Language and Cultural Education, 7, 135-153. https://doi.org/10.2478/jolace-2019-0025. 
Rodriguez, J., Conway, J., & Strickland, J. (2019). What factors influence teacher retention in urban schools? An analysis of the 2012/13-2015/16 beginning teacher longitudinal study. American Educational Research Journal, 57(2), 1043-1081. https://doi.org/10.3102/0002831220940496 
Office of Educational Technology - Artificial Intelligence (U.S. Department of Education): https://tech.ed.gov/ai/. 
 
Queiroz, R. L., Sampaio, F. F., Lima, C., & Lima, P. M. V. (2020). AI from Concrete to Abstract: Demystifying Artificial Intelligence to the General Public. 
  
Raaijmakers, S. (2019). Artificial Intelligence for Law Enforcement: Challenges and Opportunities. IEEE Security & Privacy, 17, 74-77.  
https://doi.org/10.1109/MSEC.2019.2925649. 
 
Roll, I., & Wylie, R. (2016). Evolution and Revolution in Artificial Intelligence in Education. International Journal of Artificial Intelligence in Education, 26, 582-599. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40593-016-0110-3. 
  
Russell, S., Dewey, D., & Tegmark, M. (2015). Research Priorities for Robust and Beneficial        Artificial Intelligence. AI Magazine, 36, 105-114. https://doi.org/10.1609/aimag.v36i4 .  
Schiff, D. (2021). Out of the Laboratory and into the Classroom: The Future of Artificial Intelligence in Education. AI & Society, 36, 331-348.  
https://doi.org/10.1007/s00146-020-01033-8. 
 
Sejnowski, T. J. (2018). The Deep Learning Revolution. The MIT Press.  
https://doi.org/10.7551/mitpress/11474.001.0001. 
Selwyn, N. (2019). Should robots replace teachers? AI and the future of education.  Polity Press. 
 
Smithies, J. (2017). Artificial Intelligence, Digital Humanities, and the Automation of Labour. In The Digital Humanities and the Digital Modern (pp. 79-111). Palgrave Macmillan. https://doi.org/10.1057/978-1-137-49944-8_4.  
Sullivan, A., & Bers, M. U. (2016). Dancing in the rain: A framework for integrating computational thinking into early childhood classrooms through embodied play. In Proceedings of the 15th International Conference on Interaction Design and Children (pp. 584-589).  
 
Taneri, G. U. (2020). Artificial Intelligence & Higher Education: Towards Customized Teaching and Learning, and Skills for an AI World of Work. Research & Occasional Paper Series: CSHE. 6.2020. Center for Studies in Higher Education. 
 
Tang, K. Y., Chang, C. Y., & Hwang, G. J. (2021). Trends in Artificial Intelligence-Supported e-Learning: A Systematic Review and Co-Citation Network Analysis (1998- 2019). Interactive Learning Environments, 1-19.  
https://doi.org/10.1080/10494820.2021.1875001 
 Tarning, B., Silvervarg, A., Gulz, A., & Haake, M. (2019). Instructing a Teachable Agent with Low or High Self-Efficacy—Does Similarity Attract? International Journal of Artificial Intelligence in Education, 29, 89-121.  
https://doi.org/10.1007/s40593-018-0167-2. 
UNESCO. (2021). Beijing Consensus on Artificial Intelligence and Education[PDF] United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organizationhttps://unesdoc.unesco.org/ark:/48223/pf0000379389 
 
The Fairness, Accountability, and Transparency in Machine Learning (FATML) Community https://www.fatml.org/ 
Thomas, R. (2019). AI Is Not Magic: It’s Time to Demystify and Apply. IBM Think Blog. https://www.ibm.com/blogs/think/2019/03/ai-is-not-magic 
 Venturini, T. (2021). AI for Digital Humanities and Computational Social Sciences. In B. Braunschweig, & M. Ghallab (Eds.), Reflections on Artificial Intelligence for Humanity (pp. 191-202). Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-69128-8_12 
 
Vlasova, E. Z., Avksentieva, E. Y., Goncharova, S. V., & Aksyutin, P. A. (2019). Artificial Intelligence—The Space for the New Possibilities to Train Teachers. Espacios, 40, 17. 
 
Voskoglou, M. G., & Salem, A. B. M. (2020). Benefits and Limitations of the Artificial with Respect to the Traditional Learning of Mathematics. Mathematics, 8, 611. https://doi.org/10.3390/math8040611
Wang, X. (2021). College English Teaching Innovation under Artificial Intelligence. In The Sixth International Conference on Information Management and Technology (pp. 1-4). The Association for Computing Machinery.  
https://doi.org/10.1145/3465631.3465844 
Williams, J. (2024) AI in Schools: Revolution or Risk for Black Students? World in Black Newsletter: https://wordinblack.com/2024/02/ai-schools-revolution-risk-black-students/ 

Xiao, Y., & Hu, J. (2019). Assessment of Optimal Pedagogical Factors for Canadian ESL Learners’ Reading Literacy through Artificial Intelligence Algorithms. International Journal of English Linguistics, 9, 1-14.  
https://doi.org/10.5539/ijel.v9n4p1  
 
Xu, D., & Wang, H. (2006). Intelligent Agent Supported Personalization for Virtual Learning Environments. Decision Support Systems, 42, 825-843.  
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dss.2005.05.033 
 
Yu, Z. (2020). Visualizing Artificial Intelligence Used in Education over Two Decades. Journal of Information Technology Research (JITR), 13, 32-46.  
https://doi.org/10.4018/JITR.2020100103 
 
Zawacki-Richter, O., Marín, V. I., Bond, M., & Gouverneur, F. (2019). Systematic Review of Research on Artificial Intelligence Applications in Higher Education—Where Are the Educators? International Journal of Educational Technology in Higher Education, 16, Article No. 39.  
https://doi.org/10.1186/s41239-019-0171-0 
 
Zeng, M. L. (2017). Smart Data for Digital Humanities. Journal of Data and Information Science, 2, 1-12. https://doi.org/10.1515/jdis-2017-0001 
 
Zhang, K., & Aslan, A. B. (2021). AI Technologies for Education: Recent Research & Future Directions. Computers and Education: Artificial Intelligence, 2, Article ID: 100025. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.caeai.2021.100025 

Zorich, D. (2012). Transitioning to a Digital World: Art History, Its Research Centers, and Digital Scholarship. 
Zawacki-Richter, O., Marín, V. I., Bond, M., & Gouverneur, F. (2019). Systematic review of research on artificial intelligence applications in higher education – where are the educators? International Journal of Educational Technology in Higher Education, 16(39). https://doi.org/10.1186/s41239-019-0171-0